Harmonising Global Energy Standards: SBEM ▪ Section J & JV3 ▪ ASHRAE 90.1

Feb 14, 2024

4 Minute Read Time

In the realm of building energy efficiency, the methodologies of SBEM Calculations in the UK, Section J and JV3 in Australia, and ASHRAE Standard 90.1 in the United States represent significant pillars. Each of these frameworks not only reflects the environmental and regulatory landscape of its origin but also embodies a distinct approach to achieving sustainability in the built environment. This analysis delves into the intricacies of these methodologies, providing an in-depth examination of their principles, applications, and potential for global standardisation.

SBEM Calculations (UK)


The Simplified Building Energy Model (SBEM) is an essential tool for assessing the energy performance of non-domestic buildings in the UK. It's designed to support compliance with Part L of the Building Regulations, which focuses on conserving fuel and power. SBEM calculations evaluate a building's carbon emissions, ensuring they do not exceed the Target Emission Rate (TER). This process involves analysing building geometry, HVAC, lighting, and other factors influencing energy consumption​​​​.

SBEM's unique contribution to the energy efficiency landscape is its compatibility with the UK's specific climate, construction practices, and regulatory standards. Its use of dedicated software for energy modelling allows for precise compliance assessments, reflecting a tailored approach to sustainability within the UK's built environment.

Section J and JV3 (Australia)


Section J of the National Construction Code sets forth energy efficiency standards for non-residential buildings in Australia. It mandates specific construction practices and systems, including HVAC and glazing, to minimise energy use. JV3, on the other hand, offers a performance-based pathway for compliance, allowing greater design flexibility. By comparing the proposed building's energy consumption against a reference building, JV3 facilitates innovative solutions that still meet or exceed Section J's requirements​​​​​​.

This dual approach—combining prescriptive measures with performance-based alternatives—underscores Australia's nuanced strategy toward energy efficiency. Section J establishes clear standards, while JV3 encourages customisation and innovation, providing a versatile framework suited to Australia's diverse climate and architectural styles.

ASHRAE Standard 90.1 (America)


ASHRAE Standard 90.1 is a cornerstone of commercial building energy codes in the United States, setting minimum requirements for energy-efficient design. It covers a broad spectrum of building aspects, including the building envelope, HVAC systems, and lighting. The standard offers both prescriptive and performance-based compliance paths, promoting energy efficiency across a wide range of building types and designs​​​​​​.

The adaptability of ASHRAE 90.1 is evident in its comprehensive coverage and the flexibility it provides for compliance. Its iterative updates reflect the evolving landscape of energy technology and building practices, making it a dynamic tool for advancing sustainability in the U.S. commercial sector.

Harmonising Global Energy Standards


The examination of SBEM, Section J/JV3, and ASHRAE 90.1 reveals a collective drive towards more sustainable building practices, albeit through distinct methodologies reflective of their respective regions. The potential for harmonising these standards into a global framework presents an exciting avenue for enhancing building energy efficiency on a worldwide scale.

Such harmonisation could leverage the specific strengths of each methodology—SBEM's tailored approach to UK regulations, Section J/JV3's flexibility and innovation in Australia, and ASHRAE 90.1's comprehensive and adaptable framework in the U.S. A unified standard would not only streamline compliance for international projects but also foster a more cohesive approach to global sustainability challenges.

In conclusion, while SBEM, Section J/JV3, and ASHRAE 90.1 each serve critical roles within their domains, their collective insights and approaches offer valuable lessons for the future of building energy efficiency. By exploring avenues for integration and standardisation, we can pave the way for a more sustainable, energy-efficient global built environment.